For the past decades the prognosis for children with acute lymphoblastic leukaemia (ALL) has improved significantly with more than 85% being cured. This in part reflects intensive chemotherapy (amongst others, asparaginase) combined with high doses of steroids. However, the burden of therapy has increased proportionally.
Background: Although type 2 diabetes guidelines for several years have recommended poly pharmacological therapy of well-established risk factors, the mortality rate in type 2 diabetes patients is increased by almost a factor 2. A potential mechanism could be linked with activation of the mineralocorticoid receptor, which has been linked with increased risk of cardiovascular disease.
Heart failure (HF) is a common disease and there is a definite need for new treatment modalities for HF patients. Diabetes and insulin resistance is found in more than 40% of HF patients. Metformin is presently the most commonly prescribed oral anti-diabetic drug, and experimental data and registry studies show beneficial effects of metformin in HF, but human in vivo data are lacking.
In vitro produced pancreatic β-cells are a potential source for cell replacement therapies, but in order to produce safe cells for therapeutic purposes the biology underlying β-cell specification should be addressed. The objective of this project is to determine the mechanisms underlying pancreatic endocrine lineage allocation with focus on the principal endocrine lineages involved in glucose homeostasis, the α- and β-cell lineages.
Diabetic macular edema (DME) in diabetic retinopathy (DR) is the leading cause of visual impairment among the 300,000 Danish patients with diabetes (DM) and will in time affect 29% of patients. Because of DME, 550 intravitreal injections were given at Odense University Hospital in 2014 with medicine expenses approximating 3.3 million DKK.
Background: Type 2 diabetic patients have a significantly reduced life expectancy compared to non-diabetics, primarily due to a markedly increased risk of cardiovascular (CV) events. New effective preventive treatment strategies are highly needed. The arteries in diabetic patients are significantly stiffer than in non-diabetics, and there is evidence that this significantly contributes to the increased CV risk.
The overall aim of this PhD project is to explore the influence of the oral microbiota on cardio metabolic traits in 702 well phenotyped individuals at different risk of type 2 diabetes mellitus from the ADDITION-Pro cohort. In a closer look, we have four different goals for this project:
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